Milky+Way+-+HC

Getting Started

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Rubric: [[file:Space Exploration Adventure Rubric.doc]], [[file:Space Exploration Adventure Rubric.pdf]]

 * Written Information **: As you enter text, the area will expand. Make sure to check the required details of the assignment and review the rubric (see document links) to self-assess your work. Your paragraphs will be in block format, enter one return between paragraphs. The tab key, indent feature will not appear when typing directly into the wiki page.

Visuals Make sure to include the location of your image; add a caption with this information
 * [[image:tmsmawakasci7/00017961.jpg caption="The Milky Way as photographed from the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona"]] ||  ||   ||
 * ||  ||   ||   || [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/infomark.gif width="26" height="26" align="left" caption="You may save this URL for future use"]] ||   ||   || ___ Document 1 of 5__ _ [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/nextpg.gif width="20" height="18" caption="Next Document" link="http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits?subTopic=Space%2B%2526%2BAstronomy&locID=s0002&failover=0&srchtp=topic&topic=Science%2B%2526%2BMath&c=2&searchTerm=Milky%2BWay%2BGalaxy&ste=12&tbst=tsrch&tab=32&docNum=BX2210030113&bConts=39"]] ||   ||

Comet in the Milky Way
Halley's Comet in the Milky Way. (Photodisc/Royalty Free.)

http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits
 * Source Citation:** "Comet in the Milky Way" (Photodisc/Royalty Free.) Reproduced in Kids InfoBits. Detroit: Gale, 2012.
 * ||  ||   || [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/infomark.gif width="26" height="26" align="left" caption="You may save this URL for future use"]] ||   ||   || [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/prevpg.gif width="20" height="18" caption="Previous Document" link="http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits?subTopic=Space%2B%2526%2BAstronomy&locID=s0002&failover=0&srchtp=topic&topic=Science%2B%2526%2BMath&c=4&searchTerm=Milky%2BWay%2BGalaxy&ste=12&tbst=tsrch&tab=32&docNum=BX2210091978&bConts=39"]]___ Document 5 of 5__ _ ||   ||

Milky Way
The Milky Way galaxy.


 * Source Citation:** "Milky Way." (Takashi Katahira/amanaimages/Jupiterimages.) //Kids InfoBits Presents: Astronomy//. Gale, 2008. Reproduced in Kids InfoBits. Detroit: Gale, 2012. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits


 * [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/dot.gif width="10"]] ||  || [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/dot.gif width="30" height="20" align="middle"]] ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/dot.gif width="10"]] ||  || [[image:http://galenet.galegroup.com/images/itkids/dot.gif width="30" height="20" align="middle"]] ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

**Works Cited** **Sources** : Include the source information for all of the magazine articles, reference sources (encyclopedias) and web site pages that were used to complete your project. The source information for encyclopedias may be found at the end or beginning of each entry in iCONN. When using periodicals, the publication information will be at the beginning or end of the article. This needs to be formatted for MLA standards. If it is not labeled 'Source Citation' it can be formatted appropriately by using EasyBib.com. You should use EasyBib for the web sites. The final Works Cited should be listed in alphabetical order by the first word of the source citation. "The Milky Way." //WMAP's Universe//. NASA, 28 June 2010. Web. 06 Mar. 2012. . Vergano, Dan. "Galaxy Bracketed by Big Bubbles." //USA Today// 10 Nov. 2010: 05A. Web. 6 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way galaxy." //World of Physics//. Gale, 2007. //Gale Science In Context//. Web. 8 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way galaxy." //World of Scientific Discovery//. Gale, 2007. //Gale Science In Context//. Web. 8 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way." //Kids InfoBits Presents: Astronomy//. Gale, 2008. Reproduced in Kids InfoBits. Detroit: Gale, 2012. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits
 * Sample:**

"The Milky Way." //WMAP's Universe//. NASA, 28 June 2010. Web. 06 Mar. 2012. . Vergano, Dan. "Galaxy Bracketed by Big Bubbles." //USA Today// 10 Nov. 2010: 05A. Web. 6 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way galaxy." //World of Physics//. Gale, 2007. //Gale Science In Context//. Web. 8 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way galaxy." //World of Scientific Discovery//. Gale, 2007. //Gale Science In Context//. Web. 8 Mar. 2012. "Milky Way." //Kids InfoBits Presents: Astronomy//. Gale, 2008. Reproduced in Kids InfoBits. Detroit: Gale, 2012. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/KidsInfoBits
 * Your Source List:**

**Topic: Research Focus**
 * What is your topic?**
 * State the focus of your research: The Milky Way**

**Notes** ==== Include notes, statistics and facts that you will use to write your final paper. You may want to label sections of your notes to help you be more organized as you write. As you take notes from a source, you should list the source citation in the Works Cited section above. ====


 * It is a large, barred spiral galaxy containing an aggregation of gas, dust, an estimated 400 billion stars, and thousands of globular clusters and nebulae . The galaxy 's mass is probably between 600 billion and three trillion solar masses, and its diameter is about 100,000 light-years. (A light year is equal to 5.86 x 1012 miles, or 9.46 x 1012 kilometers). All the objects composing the Milky Way orbit about a collective center of mass called the galactic center .** The galaxy is bound together by the gravitational attraction between its parts, and its rotational motion prevents it from collapsing on itself.

The " Milky Way " is a term used to describe how the stars appear to the naked eye from a position on Earth, away from the light pollution caused by modern cities. For thousands of years, people looked at the sky and saw a smear of light stretching across the sky that looked as if someone had spilled milk on the dome of the sky. **In 1610, Galileo Galilei discovered (with a telescope ) that the Milky Way was actually the integrated light of countless stars, individually too faint to see with the unaided eye.** Nearly 200 years later, ** William Herschel used a more powerful telescope to count faint stars in different directions of the galaxy .**

The Milky Way was once thought to be a spiral galaxy, but in the late 1980s this view began to change as **radio waves provided data suggesting the existence of a bar at the center. In 2005, infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope showed a bar approximately 27,000 light-years in length at the center of the Milky Way .** In Ancient Greek and Roman legend, this was a milky river that flowed across the sky. They called it the Milky Way, inadvertently christening the name of the galaxy. The motion of gas near the center of the Milky Way indicates that there must be a tremendous concentration of mass at the Galaxy 's center--yet there is no obvious visible object that could comprise this mass. The mass must be concentrated in a very small area, leading a number of researchers to believe a supermassive black hole must be there. A better understanding of the size of the Milky Way came through the work of American astronomer **Harlow Shapley (1885-1972). He studied objects called globular star clusters--which he noticed were centered around the Sagittarius area of the sky--and devised a method of calculating the distance to them.**
 * Older stars and denser clusters are located near the center of the galaxy ; younger stars and open star clusters extend farther out. The Sun can be considered to be in the periphery of the Milky Way .**
 * Shapley's results established a radically changed concept of the size of the Milky Way . He deduced that the system is actually 300,000 light-years across, and the Sun was 50,000 light-years from the center. He later shook the scientific community by maintaining that there were many other galaxies in the universe, not just one.**
 * A galaxy is a large cluster of stars, dust, and gas. Our solar system is in the Milky Way. Our solar system includes all of the planets, the Sun, and billions of stars. It also has asteroids and big clouds of dust and gas.**
 * The Milky Way is part of a group of about 36 main galaxies. This group is called the Local Group.**

There are also at least two smaller arms, or spurs. Our solar system is in the Orion Spur. It is located on the inner side of the arm. There are also at least two smaller arms, or spurs. One of these smaller arms is home to our solar system. Our solar system is in the Orion Spur. It is located on the inner edge of the arm, closest to the center. **The Sun is about 25,000 to 30,000 light years away from the center of the Milky Way.**
 * The sun revolves around the center of the Milky Way.** Scientists think this center is a large black hole. (Black holes are pockets of space with a gravitational pull so strong that nothing can escape.) **The Sun takes 250 million years to go around it once.**
 * The younger stars are in the arms. Outside the arms is a ring of gas and stars. The gas inside the arms is thinner than that outside the arms.**
 * The Milky Way also has asteroids and huge clouds of dust and gas.**
 * These clouds and the haze from far away stars can make the sky look like milk.**
 * So the Greeks long ago called it the Milky Way. It is called Silver River in many Asian countries. In Sweden it is called Winter Street.**